SACRAMENTO, Calif. -- The way travelers make it past security screeners at the airport this holiday weekend has changed and could now include a pat-down.

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The idea is to prevent an act of terrorism. But the changes could catch travelers off guard and mean more time in line if they're not prepared.

Under the new rules, overcoats and jackets must be removed for inspection, and body piercings may prompt a pat-down.

"We've asked passengers if they're uncomfortable with that pat-down to ask us for a private screening, and we'll take them somewhere where they're not out in the public view," said Transportation Security Administration spokesman Ron Pelayo.

Edward Dowdy, who went through a pat-down in Memphis, Tenn., said he "would prefer to have a woman pat me down than a man."

Cindy-Ann Thomas said she arrived at the airport prepared -- no jewelry, no pins in her hair and she packed tennis shoes just to get through security.

"I had phones turned off. I had a watch on, and that's it," Thomas said.

At Sacramento International Airport, new monitors at the checkpoint go through a PowerPoint presentation on traveling dos and don'ts.

The TSA has some helpful hints for travelers:

Undeveloped film should go in a carry-on bag. It could be ruined in checked luggage.

Don't wrap gifts.

Don't pack heavy food in checked bags. That could prompt a search.

Do not overstuff bags. It could slow down inspection lines.

Travelers should also know that they have rights:

When being screened for travel, know that you have a right to ask for privacy when being patted down.

Though many passengers are asked to remove their shoes, the TSA says they are not required to do so.

Those who have had an unpleasant experience while being screened can ask for a supervisor or file a complaint with the TSA.

To get other helpful hints, including a link that has typical wait times at all major U.S. airports, click here.